Looking at the specifications of the rover Curiosity, landed successfully implemented at the beginning of the month in the crater Gale, is astounding resolution cameras mounted on it, not exceeding two megapixels.
The answer to an interesting question of why the rover Curiosity main camera has a video resolution is worse than the current cost of mobile phones is quite simple. Curiosity Mars rover project was approved in 2004, whereas the presence of two mega pixel camera matrix from the main rover with eight gigabytes of flash memory sounded more convincing why not now say.
But the peculiarity of such highly complex projects, is that after the approval process of their implementation is not easy to substitute any other desired component from emerging new solutions.
You should also add that the founders of the rover Curiosity is fully satisfied with the amount of data that provide two-megapixel camera for broadcasting images.