Advanced IC Engines Premium Lecture Notes Prepared by Sathish. Specially for Mechanical Engineering. Syllabus Covered based on Anna University B.E Civil Engineering.It Contains All 5 Units
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Advanced IC Engine
UNIT-1
SPARK IGNITION ENGINES
UNIT – 2
COMPRESSION IGNITION ENGINES
UNIT-3
ENGINE EXHAUST EMISSION CONTROL
UNIT-4
ALTERNATE FUELS
UNIT-5
RECENT TRENDS
UNIT-1
SPARK IGNITION ENGINES
Introduction
Spark ignition engines
Air fuel mixture requirements at different loads and speed
Idling
Cruising range
Maximum power range
Fuel injection in SI engine
Need of petrol injection
Objectives of gasoline injection
Classification of injection
Multi point injection system
Port injection system
Direct injection system
Stages of combustion – normal and abnormal combustion
Combustion in SI engine
Normal combustion
Abnormal combustion
Stages of combustion
Factors affecting the flame speed
Knocking in SI engine
Effect of knocking
Factors affecting knocking
Combustion chambers
Types of combustion chambers
UNIT – 2
COMPRESSION IGNITION ENGINES
Combustion in CI engine
Stages of combustion in CI engine
Ignition delay period
• Physical delay
• Chemical delay
Period of controlled combustion
Period of after burning
Factors affecting the delay period
• Compression ratio
• Engine speed
• Output
• Atomization and duration of injection
• Injection timing
• Quality of fuel
• Intake temperature
• Intake pressure
Normal combustion
Abnormal combustion
Knocking and factors affecting knock
Factors affecting the diesel knock
Diesel fuel injection system
Classification of injection system
Advantages
Disadvantages
Solid injection system
Common rail system
Advantages
Disadvantages
Direct and indirect injection system
Combustion chambers for CI engines
Types of open combustion chamber
Turbo chargers
Majors parts of turbo chargers
UNIT-3
ENGINE EXHAUST EMISSION CONTROL
Sources of excessive exhaust emission
Carbon monoxide
Hydrocarbons
Oxide of nitrogen
Mechanism of co emission
Oxide of nitrogen
Hydrocarbon emission
Causes for HC emission forms SI engine
HC emission from CI engine
Smoke and particulate emission and green house effect
Green house effect
Green house gases
The main approaches in SI engine
Control of emission from control of smoke CI engine
Control of smoke
Catalytic converts
Basic requirements of catalytic converters
Particular traps
Methods of reduce particular matter
Diesel particulate filter
Requirement of an ideal trap
Emission measuring equipment
Measuring the emission
Flame ionization detector
Smoke measurement
Types of driving cycles
UNIT-4
ALTERNATE FUELS
Need of alternate fuels
Alcohols
Types of alcohols
Advantages of alcohol as a fuel
Alcohols for CI engine
Octane number and calorific value value of alcohol and petrol
Production of ethanol
Sources for methanol
Methanol as a fuel
Techniques using alcohol in diesel engine
Vegetable oil and bio diesel
Disadvantages of vegetable oil
Raw material for biodiesel
Properties of bio diesel
Advantages
Disadvantages
Advantages of biogas
Neutral gas
Advantages of natural gas
Normal composition of LPG
Properties of hydrogen
Hydrogen in SI Engine
Production of hydrogen
Thermal decomposition of water
Engine modification of alternate fuels
UNIT-5
RECENT TRENDS
Homogeneous charge compression ignition engine
Variable geometry turbo charger
Main uses of variable geometry turbo charger
Common rail direct injection system
Advantages of CRDI system
Hybrid electric vehicle
Components of hybrid vehicle
Classification of hybrid vehicle
Parallel hybrid
Types of hybrid system
Parallel drive train system
Advantages
Disadvantages
Communication protocol
OBD application
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